Researchers recorded new cases of a particular lung disease among adults living in areas with lower or higher air pollution. In each area, some adults were exposed to dust at work. All groups were followed for five years.
| Air pollution | Occupational dust exposure | New cases per 10 000 adults |
|---|---|---|
| Lower | No | 18 |
| Lower | Yes | 36 |
| Higher | No | 50 |
| Higher | Yes | 68 |
Consider the adults with and without occupational dust exposure within each air-pollution category. Which statement is supported by the data?
Occupational dust exposure has a larger absolute association in the higher-pollution category.
The difference between the dust-exposure groups disappears when air pollution is held constant.
Occupational dust exposure is associated with 18 additional cases per 10 000 adults in each air-pollution category.
Occupational dust exposure is associated with 32 additional cases per 10 000 adults in each air-pollution category.
102 exam-style questions on Edexcel GCSE Biology 5.4 Non-communicable diseases, covering 5.4.1 Interaction of factors in non-communicable disease, 5.4.2 Lifestyle factors and non-communicable disease, and 5.4.3 Treatments for cardiovascular disease. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.