According to Fick's Law of diffusion, the rate of gas exchange across an alveolar membrane, RRR, can be modeled by the formula:
R=k⋅A⋅ΔCdR = \frac{k \cdot A \cdot \Delta C}{d}R=dk⋅A⋅ΔC
where kkk is a constant, AAA is the total surface area of the alveoli, ΔC\Delta CΔC is the concentration gradient, and ddd is the thickness of the alveolar wall.
A disease causes chronic inflammation of the lungs. This results in the total surface area of the alveoli, AAA, being reduced to 60%60\%60% of its original value, and the thickness of the alveolar wall, ddd, being increased by a factor of 1.51.51.5.
Assuming kkk and ΔC\Delta CΔC remain constant, determine the ratio of the new rate of gas exchange to the original rate.