A father is helping his child, Leo, learn to ride a two-wheeled bicycle. Initially, the father holds both the handlebars and the seat to steady Leo's balance. As Leo becomes more stable, the father lets go of the handlebars but continues to hold the seat. Eventually, the father lets go of the seat as well, allowing Leo to ride completely independently.
With reference to this scenario, outline what Vygotsky meant by 'the zone of proximal development' (ZPD) and describe how the father's assistance illustrates the process of scaffolding.
10 exam-style questions on AQA A Level Psychology Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.