A sports scientist wanted to investigate rehabilitation protocols for patellofemoral pain syndrome (runner's knee) in recreational marathon runners. 150 runners who reported persistent knee pain were invited to participate in a study investigating the effectiveness of hip-and-quadriceps strengthening interventions.
To select participants, each runner completed a Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) patellofemoral subscale, which rated their knee function and pain on a scale from 0 (extreme symptoms) to 100 (no symptoms). From this pool, 60 runners with moderate-to-severe symptoms scoring between 30 and 50 were selected to participate. They were randomly assigned to one of three groups:
One week after completing their respective 10-week periods, all participants completed the KOOS patellofemoral subscale again. The scores before and after the intervention were compared to evaluate improvements in knee function and pain.
State the aim of this study.
Practise AQA A Level Psychology Scientific processes with exam-style questions for A Level Psychology. 100 questions, matched to the AQA A Level Psychology (7182) specification and written in Paper 1, Paper 2 and Paper 3 style. Every question includes a full worked solution and mark scheme, so you can see where marks are awarded rather than just whether you got the answer right.