An educational psychologist investigates whether a new interactive learning software improves reading comprehension scores in primary school pupils.
Which one of the following is a key requirement for the researcher's alternative hypothesis to be scientifically testable?
It must predict a directional (one-tailed) effect to ensure that the statistical power of the subsequent analysis is maximised.
The variables must be clearly operationalised so that the predicted relationship or difference can be empirically observed and falsified.
It must be stated alongside a null hypothesis that predicts a positive relationship between the variables.
It must be constructed after the pilot study data has been gathered to guarantee the prediction is realistic.
689 exam-style questions on AQA A Level Psychology Scientific processes. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.