A psychologist investigated the effect of a mindfulness app on participants' self-reported stress scores. After calculating the differences between 'before' and 'after' scores, they conducted a Sign Test to analyze the data. After excluding individuals who showed no change in scores, the sample size was $N = 10$ . The calculated value of $S\,$ was found to be 1.

Using Table 3, explain whether or not there is a significant difference in stress levels at the 0.05 level of significance for a two-tailed test.

Table 3: Critical values of $S\,$ for the Sign Test

$N$	Level of significance for a two-tailed test
	0.10	0.05	0.01
8	1	0	-
9	1	1	0
10	1	1	0
11	2	1	0
12	2	2	1
13	3	2	1

Note: Significance is shown if the calculated value of $S\,$ is equal to or less than the critical value.

Using Table 3, explain whether or not there is a significant difference in stress levels at the 0.05 level of significance for a two-tailed test.

Table 3: Critical values of $S\,$ for the Sign Test

$N$	Level of significance for a two-tailed test
	0.10	0.05	0.01
8	1	0	-
9	1	1	0
10	1	1	0
11	2	1	0
12	2	2	1
13	3	2	1

Note: Significance is shown if the calculated value of $S\,$ is equal to or less than the critical value.

Inferential testing (A-level only)

Question 38

Table 3: Critical values of $S\,$ for the Sign Test

Markscheme

Inferential testing (A-level only)

Question 38

Table 3: Critical values of $S\,$ for the Sign Test

Markscheme

Inferential testing (A-level only)

Question 38

Table 3: Critical values of S S\,S for the Sign Test

Inferential testing (A-level only) Questions

Inferential testing (A-level only)

Question 38

Table 3: Critical values of S S\,S for the Sign Test

Inferential testing (A-level only) Questions

Table 3: Critical values of $S\,$ for the Sign Test

Table 3: Critical values of $S\,$ for the Sign Test