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Astrophysics and cosmology

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Question 1

Light from a distant galaxy is detected with a spectral line of frequency fff. In a laboratory on Earth, the same spectral line is measured to have a frequency f0f_0f0​. Assuming the galaxy is receding at a non-relativistic speed, the Hubble constant is H0H_0H0​, and the speed of light in a vacuum is ccc, which of the following is a correct expression for the look-back time τ\tauτ (the travel time of the light from the galaxy to Earth)?

τ≈f0−fH0f0\tau \approx \frac{f_0 - f}{H_0 f_0}τ≈H0​f0​f0​−f​

τ≈fH0(f0−f)\tau \approx \frac{f}{H_0 (f_0 - f)}τ≈H0​(f0​−f)f​

τ≈f0−fH0f\tau \approx \frac{f_0 - f}{H_0 f}τ≈H0​ff0​−f​

τ≈f0H0(f0−f)\tau \approx \frac{f_0}{H_0 (f_0 - f)}τ≈H0​(f0​−f)f0​​

Astrophysics and cosmology Questions

  1. A Level
  2. /Physics
  3. /Astrophysics and cosmology