The kinetic theory model describes a gas as a large number of rapidly moving particles in random motion. State two other fundamental assumptions regarding the particles or their collisions that are required to derive the ideal gas equation pV=13Nm(crms)2pV = \frac{1}{3}Nm(c_{\text{rms}})^2pV=31Nm(crms)2.
When a gas is confined within a container, its molecules continuously collide with the inner boundaries. Explain, with explicit reference to Newton's laws of motion, how these collisions result in a force being exerted on the container walls.
A rigid environmental simulation chamber with a volume of 0.45 m30.45\text{ m}^30.45 m3 is filled with a sample of an ideal gas at a pressure of 150 kPa150\text{ kPa}150 kPa. Instrumentation indicates that the mean translational kinetic energy of the gas molecules in the chamber is 7.2×10−21 J7.2 \times 10^{-21}\text{ J}7.2×10−21 J. Calculate the amount of gas present in the chamber in moles.
A researcher plots an isothermal curve showing how the pressure of a fixed mass of an ideal gas varies with its volume at a constant absolute temperature TTT. Describe how the pressure-volume curve obtained at a higher constant temperature of 1.8T1.8T1.8T compares to the original curve plotted at temperature TTT.
A specific state on the original isothermal curve at temperature TTT is represented by the coordinate point (0.12 m3,160 kPa)(0.12\text{ m}^3, 160\text{ kPa})(0.12 m3,160 kPa). Calculate the pressure of the gas at this same volume of 0.12 m30.12\text{ m}^30.12 m3 if the absolute temperature is increased to 1.8T1.8T1.8T.
