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2.3.3 Conditional probability (A-level only)

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Question 66

An automated safety monitoring system in an industrial plant tracks three types of potential malfunctions: overheating (event AAA), pressure spikes (event BBB), and power surges (event CCC).

For a specific production cycle, it is known that:

P(A)=0.5,P(B)=0.4andP(A∩B)=0.15 P(A) = 0.5, \quad P(B) = 0.4 \quad \text{and} \quad P(A \cap B) = 0.15 P(A)=0.5,P(B)=0.4andP(A∩B)=0.15

Find

a.

P(A∪B)P(A \cup B)P(A∪B)

[2]
b.

P(B′∣A′)P(B' | A')P(B′∣A′)

[3]
c.

The probability of a power surge occurring during the cycle is P(C)=0.3P(C) = 0.3P(C)=0.3.

The occurrences of overheating (AAA) and power surges (CCC) are mutually exclusive. The occurrences of pressure spikes (BBB) and power surges (CCC) are independent events.

Find P(B∩C)P(B \cap C)P(B∩C)

[2]
d.

Describe the configuration of a Venn diagram representing events A,B,A, B,A,B, and CCC and state the probabilities associated with each of the six distinct regions.

[4]
e.

Determine P((B∪C)′)P((B \cup C)')P((B∪C)′)

[2]

2.3.3 Conditional probability (A-level only) Questions

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