The Dutch government has set ambitious targets to reach 21 gigawatts (GW) of offshore wind capacity by 2030, aiming to supply approximately 75% of current Dutch electricity consumption. In the specialized North Sea offshore wind generation market, massive capital expenditure requirements and complex regulatory licensing have created a highly concentrated market structure.
While municipal consortia and small community-owned cooperatives are beginning to invest in near-shore micro-turbines, deep-water projects are dominated by a handful of multinational energy consortia. This high barrier to entry has raised concerns among energy watchdogs regarding pricing power and long-term competition in the Dutch wholesale electricity market.
Fig. 1 – Dutch offshore wind capacity supplier market share, 2024 (%)
| Operator | Market Share (%) |
|---|---|
| Ørsted | 31.5 |
| Vattenfall | 22.5 |
| Shell (CrossWind) | 16.0 |
| Eneco | 11.5 |
| Blauwwind Consortium | 7.5 |
| RWE | 5.0 |
| VentoLudens | 3.0 |
| Others | 3.0 |
Refer to Fig. 1.
Calculate the five-firm concentration ratio in the Dutch offshore wind energy generation market.