All other things being equal, which one of the following combinations of macroeconomic changes is most likely to cause a leftward shift in an economy's Aggregate Demand (ADADAD) curve?
A decrease in the marginal propensity to import, a rise in business confidence, and a decrease in corporate tax rates
An increase in the marginal propensity to save, a decrease in business confidence, and an appreciation of the exchange rate
An increase in direct taxation, a depreciation of the exchange rate, and a rise in government capital expenditure
A decrease in interest rates, an increase in household savings, and a fall in the demand for exports
