An economy is experiencing high inflation and a large budget deficit. The government wishes to implement a policy package consisting only of discretionary contractionary fiscal policy measures. Which of the following combinations meets this criterion?
A program of quantitative tightening (selling government bonds) and an increase in the main rate of corporation tax
A rise in the standard rate of Value Added Tax (VAT) and a reduction in public sector infrastructure investment
An increase in the central bank's base interest rate and a real-terms freeze on public sector wages
A reduction in employee national insurance contributions and a decrease in state pension expenditure
245 exam-style questions on AQA A Level Economics 2.5 Fiscal policy and supply-side policies, covering 2.5.1 Fiscal policy and 2.5.2 Supply-side policies. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.