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The periodic table

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Question 4

This question refers to the elements in the first three periods (H→Ar\text{H} \to \text{Ar}H→Ar) of the Periodic Table.

a.

Select an element from the first three periods that fits each of the following descriptions.

(i) The element that forms a 1−1-1−\ ion with the same electron configuration as argon.

(ii) The element in Period 2 with the lowest first ionisation energy.

(iii) The element in Period 3 which has the following successive ionisation energies:

  • 1st: 738 kJ mol−1738 \text{ kJ mol}^{-1}738 kJ mol−1
  • 2nd: 1451 kJ mol−11451 \text{ kJ mol}^{-1}1451 kJ mol−1
  • 3rd: 7733 kJ mol−17733 \text{ kJ mol}^{-1}7733 kJ mol−1
  • 4th: 10542 kJ mol−110542 \text{ kJ mol}^{-1}10542 kJ mol−1
  • 5th: 13630 kJ mol−113630 \text{ kJ mol}^{-1}13630 kJ mol−1

(iv) The element in Period 2 that forms a hydride with a trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry.

(v) The element XXX in Period 3 which forms a chloride with the formula XCl4X\text{Cl}_4XCl4​ having a molar mass of 170.1 g mol−1170.1 \text{ g mol}^{-1}170.1 g mol−1.

(vi) The diatomic gaseous element which has a density of 1.33×10−3 g cm−31.33 \times 10^{-3} \text{ g cm}^{-3}1.33×10−3 g cm−3 at room temperature and pressure (where one mole of gas occupies 24.0 dm324.0 \text{ dm}^324.0 dm3).

[6]
b.

The table below shows some properties of selected Period 3 oxides.

Group1131416
OxideNa2O\text{Na}_2\text{O}Na2​OAl2O3\text{Al}_2\text{O}_3Al2​O3​SiO2\text{SiO}_2SiO2​SO2\text{SO}_2SO2​
Melting pointHighHighHighLow
Electrical conductivity (liquid)GoodGoodPoorPoor

Explain the properties shown in the table in terms of bonding and structure.

[6]

The periodic table Questions

  1. A Level
  2. /Chemistry
  3. /The periodic table