This question is about unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Compound W (3,3-dimethylbut-1-ene) and compound X (hex-1-ene) are structural isomers. Compound W has a lower boiling point than compound X. Suggest why.
Compound Y, CH3CH=CHCH2CH2OH\text{CH}_3\text{CH}=\text{CHCH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{OH}CH3CH=CHCH2CH2OH, exists as cis and trans stereoisomers.
Identify the systematic IUPAC name for compound Y.
Define the term stereoisomers.
Explain how the structures of the cis and trans isomers of compound Y differ in spatial arrangement.
Compound Z, CH2=C(CH3)CH2CH3\text{CH}_2=\text{C(CH}_3\text{)CH}_2\text{CH}_3CH2=C(CH3)CH2CH3, reacts with hydrogen bromide, HBr\text{HBr}HBr, by electrophilic addition. A mixture of two organic compounds, G and H, is formed.
Suggest how an HBr\text{HBr}HBr molecule can act as an electrophile.
Give the IUPAC names of the two addition products, G and H.
State which of G and H is the major organic product, and explain your answer in terms of carbocation intermediate stability.
Myrcene, C10H16\text{C}_{10}\text{H}_{16}C10H16, is a naturally occurring acyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon containing three carbon-carbon double bonds.
Reaction of 408 mg408\text{ mg}408 mg of myrcene with hydrogen gas produces a saturated acyclic hydrocarbon. Calculate the volume of hydrogen gas, in cm3\text{cm}^3cm3 and measured at room temperature and pressure (RTP), needed to completely react with this mass of myrcene. (Take the molar volume of gas at RTP as 24000 cm3 mol−124000\text{ cm}^3\text{ mol}^{-1}24000 cm3 mol−1). Show your working.
Squalene is a naturally occurring, acyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon. A 0.00800 mol0.00800\text{ mol}0.00800 mol sample of squalene reacts completely with 1.152 dm31.152\text{ dm}^31.152 dm3 of hydrogen gas, measured at RTP, to form a saturated hydrocarbon. Using molecular formulas, construct a balanced equation for this reaction. Include relevant calculations and reasoning.
