Neurone $Z$ is multipolar and has its cell body situated in the white matter of the spinal cord, where it receives synapses from neurone $Y$.

Neurone $Y$ is a relay neurone with a highly myelinated axon, facilitating saltatory conduction across the grey matter.

Neurone $X$ is a sensory neurone with a cell body in the dorsal root ganglion, possessing a long myelinated dendron that conducts action potentials from the receptor.

Neurone $X$ is a multipolar neurone with numerous dendrites branching directly from its cell body located within the spinal cord.