the multiplier process: • definition of the multiplier • formulae for and calculation of multiplier in a closed and open economy, with and without a government sector • calculation of: – average and marginal propensities to save (aps and mps) – average and marginal propensities to consume (apc and mpc) – average and marginal propensities to import (apm and mpm) – average and marginal rates of tax (art and mrt) • national income determination using AD and income approach with the multiplier process • calculation of effect of changing AD on national income using the multiplier