A student is calibrating a liquid-in-glass thermometer on the Celsius (∘C^\circ\text{C}∘C) scale. Which of the following describes the standard definitions of the lower fixed point and the upper fixed point respectively at standard atmospheric pressure?
The melting point of mercury and the boiling point of mercury
The melting point of pure ice and the boiling point of mercury
The melting point of pure ice and the temperature of steam from boiling pure water
The freezing point of a salt-ice mixture and the temperature of steam from boiling pure water
528 exam-style questions on CIE IGCSE Physics 2.2 Thermal properties and temperature, covering 2.2.1 Thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases, 2.2.2a Internal energy and temperature, 2.2.2b Specific heat capacity, 2.2.3a Melting, boiling, condensation and solidification, 2.2.3b Evaporation, and 2.2.3c Cooling by evaporation. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.