A student calculates the theoretical thermal energy needed to raise the temperature of a copper block from 25∘C25^\circ\text{C}25∘C to 55∘C55^\circ\text{C}55∘C.
She then performs an experiment to measure the actual electrical energy supplied to a heater to cause this temperature change.
State whether the measured energy will be greater than, less than, or equal to the calculated energy, and explain why.
528 exam-style questions on CIE IGCSE Physics 2.2 Thermal properties and temperature, covering 2.2.1 Thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases, 2.2.2a Internal energy and temperature, 2.2.2b Specific heat capacity, 2.2.3a Melting, boiling, condensation and solidification, 2.2.3b Evaporation, and 2.2.3c Cooling by evaporation. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.