State and explain two design features of a liquid-in-glass thermometer that increase its sensitivity.
The junction of a thermocouple has a very small mass. Explain why this characteristic is important for successfully measuring rapidly changing temperatures.
The junction of a thermocouple thermometer has a heat capacity of 0.18 J/∘C0.18\text{ J}/^\circ\text{C}0.18 J/∘C.
Calculate the thermal energy required to increase the temperature of this junction from 25∘C25\circ\text{C}25∘C to 425∘C425\circ\text{C}425∘C.
528 exam-style questions on CIE IGCSE Physics 2.2 Thermal properties and temperature, covering 2.2.1 Thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases, 2.2.2a Internal energy and temperature, 2.2.2b Specific heat capacity, 2.2.3a Melting, boiling, condensation and solidification, 2.2.3b Evaporation, and 2.2.3c Cooling by evaporation. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.