A city transport authority uses simulation software and collected traffic data to create a model of metropolitan congestion. This model helps them understand how traffic behaves under different conditions.

Examples of data collected:

• Average number and category of vehicles (e.g., buses, cars, HGVs) passing an intersection per minute
• Duration of traffic signal phases (red/green times)
• Weather conditions (such as heavy rain or ice)
• Locations of temporary roadworks or lane closures