Hydrogen fluoride is formed in the reaction between hydrogen and fluorine. The equation for the reaction is:
H2+F2→2HF \text{H}_2 + \text{F}_2 \rightarrow 2\text{HF} H2+F2→2HFEach molecule in this equation contains the same type of bonding. Name this type of chemical bonding.
The covalent bonds inside a fluorine molecule are strong. Explain why the boiling point of fluorine is low.
Explain how the two fluorine atoms in a fluorine molecule (F2\text{F}_2F2) are held together.
In a dot-and-cross diagram showing only the outer-shell electrons of a hydrogen fluoride (HF\text{HF}HF) molecule:
Hydrogen bromide gas (HBr\text{HBr}HBr) dissolves in water to form solution X. Hydrogen bromide gas dissolves in methylbenzene to form solution Y. A student adds a piece of calcium carbonate to each solution. Explain why effervescence is observed with solution X but not with solution Y.
15 exam-style questions on Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Covalent bonding. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.