A psychologist compared two 16-year-olds. Parent interviews identified 20 occasions when each young person had behaved anti-socially during primary school. The psychologist recorded how often a carer had punished the behaviour. Both young people later completed the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and rated how anxious they would feel if they deliberately damaged another person's property, from 0 (no anxiety) to 10 (very strong anxiety).
| Young person | Extraversion score | Neuroticism score | Incidents followed by punishment | Anxiety rating |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sofia | High | High | 18 out of 20 | 2 |
| Harvey | Low | Low | 18 out of 20 | 8 |
Using Eysenck's explanation, describe how early socialisation and conditioning account for the results, including which young person would be expected to be at greater risk of deliberately damaging another person's property.
135 exam-style questions on OCR GCSE Psychology 1.2 Theories/Explanations of why criminal/anti-social behaviour occurs, covering 1.2.1 SLT: identification with role models, 1.2.2 SLT: observation and imitation, 1.2.3 SLT: vicarious reinforcement, 1.2.4 SLT: direct reinforcement and internalisation; criticisms, 1.2.5 SLT research study: Cooper and Mackie (1986), 1.2.6 Eysenck's Criminal Personality Theory, 1.2.7 CNS, arousal and criminal personality, 1.2.8 Brain function, synapses and dopamine in psychoticism, 1.2.9 Dopamine reward, RAS and cortex in extroversion, 1.2.10 Autonomic nervous and limbic system in neuroticism, 1.2.11 Early socialisation and conditioning; criticisms, and 1.2.12 Criminal Personality research study: Heaven (1996). Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.