ntent":"Explain, in terms of the movement of electron charge carriers, why the glass rod loses its charge.","markscheme":"- Aluminium and the engineer's body are electrical conductors, which allow electrons to move freely. M1\n- Electrons flow from the ground (earth) through the engineer and the aluminium rod to the glass rod, neutralising the positive charge. A1","marks":2,"order":0,"markingRubric":null,"explanation":{"methods":[{"id":"electron_transfer","label":"Track the electron flow","steps":[{"type":"text","order":1,"title":"Identify the conductors","content":"The engineer holds the aluminium rod and it is in contact with the glass rod. Aluminium and the engineer’s body are electrical conductors, so electrons can move freely through them. **This earns M1.**","highlights":[{"text":"holds an aluminium rod in their bare hand and rubs it against a positively charged glass rod","location":"specification"}]},{"type":"text","order":2,"title":"Trace the electron flow","content":"The positive glass rod attracts electrons. Electrons flow from the Earth, through the engineer’s body and aluminium rod, to the glass rod.\n\nThese electrons cancel out the rod’s positive charge, so the glass rod becomes neutral. This earns **A1**.","highlights":[{"text":"The glass rod loses its charge.","location":"specification"}]}]}],"generatedAt":"2026-07-22T09:34:11.658Z","modelVersion":"gpt-5.6-terra+diagrams-1","explanationVersion":"v3"},"options":[]}],"options":[],"explanation":null,"firstAttemptFullMarks":null},{"id":"18168541-32b0-4848-9b3f-04746518bc75","revisionId":"0bee7860-d6b3-4eaa-95fb-2811dcdda2af","questionNumber":null,"questionType":"LA","specification":"A student has suspended a lightweight plastic sphere, which has been electrically charged, from a thin insulating thread.","difficulty":3,"difficultyBand":"medium","totalMarks":3,"sourceTitle":null,"calculatorUse":null,"parts":[{"id":"f4ab8f72-a86a-4dd2-a5f2-59c65a871d14","label":null,"content":"Explain how the student can show that another charged plastic sphere has the *same* type of charge.","markscheme":"- Bring the second charged sphere close to the suspended sphere (without letting them touch) M1\n- Observe that the suspended sphere moves away from the second sphere / they repel each other A1\n- State that like charges repel, confirming they have the same type of charge B1","marks":3,"order":0,"markingRubric":null,"explanation":{"methods":[{"id":"repulsion_test","label":"Test for repulsion","steps":[{"type":"drawing","order":0,"title":"Set up the charge test","width":733,"height":729,"shapes":[{"id":"seg-PT","type":"line","color":"black","points":[{"x":364.7,"y":90},{"x":364.7,"y":453.6}]},{"id":"suspended","type":"plot","color":"black","segments":[[{"x":437.5,"y":526.4},{"x":437.3,"y":521.3},{"x":436.8,"y":516.2},{"x":435.9,"y":511.2},{"x":434.6,"y":506.3},{"x":433.1,"y":501.5},{"x":431.2,"y":496.8},{"x":429,"y":492.2},{"x":426.4,"y":487.8},{"x":423.6,"y":483.6},{"x":420.4,"y":479.6},{"x":417.1,"y":475.8},{"x":413.4,"y":472.3},{"x":409.5,"y":469.1},{"x":405.4,"y":466.1},{"x":401.1,"y":463.4},{"x":396.6,"y":461},{"x":392,"y":458.9},{"x":387.2,"y":457.2},{"x":382.3,"y":455.8},{"x":377.4,"y":454.7},{"x":372.3,"y":454},{"x":367.3,"y":453.7},{"x":362.2,"y":453.7},{"x":357.1,"y":454},{"x":352.1,"y":454.7},{"x":347.1,"y":455.8},{"x":342.3,"y":457.2},{"x":337.5,"y":458.9},{"x":332.9,"y":461},{"x":328.4,"y":463.4},{"x":324.1,"y":466.1},{"x":320,"y":469.1},{"x":316.1,"y":472.3},{"x":312.4,"y":475.8},{"x":309,"y":479.6},{"x":305.9,"y":483.6},{"x":303.1,"y":487.8},{"x":300.5,"y":492.2},{"x":298.3,"y":496.8},{"x":296.4,"y":501.5},{"x":294.8,"y":506.3},{"x":293.6,"y":511.2},{"x":292.7,"y":516.2},{"x":292.2,"y":521.3},{"x":292,"y":526.4},{"x":292.2,"y":531.4},{"x":292.7,"y":536.5},{"x":293.6,"y":541.5},{"x":294.8,"y":546.4},{"x":296.4,"y":551.2},{"x":298.3,"y":555.9},{"x":300.5,"y":560.5},{"x":303.1,"y":564.9},{"x":305.9,"y":569.1},{"x":309,"y":573.1},{"x":312.4,"y":576.9},{"x":316.1,"y":580.4},{"x":320,"y":

Charging by friction and electrostatic phenomena

Question 3

Charging by friction and electrostatic phenomena Questions

Charging by friction and electrostatic phenomena

Question 3

Charging by friction and electrostatic phenomena Questions