Stars are formed and evolve over billions of years in space.
What is the name given to the massive cloud of dust and gas in space from which a new star begins to form?
Which fundamental force is responsible for the contraction of this dust and gas cloud, leading to the formation of a protostar?
Complete the sentence: The core of a main sequence star is kept hot and stable by the process of nuclear fusion / fission / combustion which joins hydrogen nuclei together.
Gamma rays and infrared radiation are emitted during stellar events and travel through the vacuum of space to an Earth-based observatory. Which statement correctly describes the time taken for these gamma rays and infrared radiation to travel this distance through space?
Gamma rays have a much shorter wavelength than infrared radiation. Complete the sentence: Compared with the frequency of infrared radiation, the frequency of gamma rays is smaller / the same / greater.
Two newly formed protostars of the same size, Protostar A (which is extremely hot) and Protostar B (which is much cooler), both emit infrared radiation into space. How does the rate of infrared radiation emitted by Protostar A compare with that of Protostar B? Give a reason for your answer.