Complete the sentence.
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As the roller coaster car accelerates down a steep drop, the ___________ energy store of the car decreases and the ___________ energy of the car increases.
The total mass of the roller coaster car and its passengers is 450 kg450\text{ kg}450 kg. The speed of the car at the bottom of the track is 14 m/s14\text{ m/s}14 m/s.
Calculate the kinetic energy of the roller coaster car and its passengers.
Use the equation:
kinetic energy=0.5×mass×(speed)2 \text{kinetic energy} = 0.5 \times \text{mass} \times (\text{speed})^2 kinetic energy=0.5×mass×(speed)2During emergency braking, a steel brake pad is clamped onto the rail to bring the car to a halt. Friction causes the temperature of the brake pad to increase.
Calculate the change in thermal energy of the brake pad.
Use the equation:
change in thermal energy=mass×specific heat capacity×temperature change \text{change in thermal energy} = \text{mass} \times \text{specific heat capacity} \times \text{temperature change} change in thermal energy=mass×specific heat capacity×temperature changeHow is the internal energy of the particles in the steel brake pad affected by the increase in temperature?
Select one:
37 exam-style questions on AQA GCSE Physics 3.2 Internal energy and energy transfers, covering 3.2.1 Internal energy, 3.2.2 Temperature changes in a system and specific heat capacity, and 3.2.3 Changes of state and specific latent heat. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.