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3.2 Internal energy and energy transfers

3.2 Internal energy and energy transfers

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Question 2
a.

Complete the sentence.

Choose answers from the box:

  • chemical
  • elastic potential
  • gravitational potential
  • kinetic

As the roller coaster car accelerates down a steep drop, the ___________ energy store of the car decreases and the ___________ energy of the car increases.

[2]
b.

The total mass of the roller coaster car and its passengers is 450 kg450\text{ kg}450 kg. The speed of the car at the bottom of the track is 14 m/s14\text{ m/s}14 m/s.

Calculate the kinetic energy of the roller coaster car and its passengers.

Use the equation:

kinetic energy=0.5×mass×(speed)2 \text{kinetic energy} = 0.5 \times \text{mass} \times (\text{speed})^2 kinetic energy=0.5×mass×(speed)2
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c.

During emergency braking, a steel brake pad is clamped onto the rail to bring the car to a halt. Friction causes the temperature of the brake pad to increase.

  • The temperature of the brake pad increases by 120∘C120^\circ\text{C}120∘C.
  • The mass of the brake pad is 4.0 kg4.0\text{ kg}4.0 kg.
  • The specific heat capacity of the steel brake pad is 460 J/kg∘C460\text{ J/kg}^\circ\text{C}460 J/kg∘C.

Calculate the change in thermal energy of the brake pad.

Use the equation:

change in thermal energy=mass×specific heat capacity×temperature change \text{change in thermal energy} = \text{mass} \times \text{specific heat capacity} \times \text{temperature change} change in thermal energy=mass×specific heat capacity×temperature change
[2]
d.

How is the internal energy of the particles in the steel brake pad affected by the increase in temperature?

Select one:

  • Decreased
  • Increased
  • Not affected
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Markscheme

3.2 Internal energy and energy transfers Questions

  1. GCSE
  2. /Physics
  3. /3.2 Internal energy and energy transfers

37 exam-style questions on AQA GCSE Physics 3.2 Internal energy and energy transfers, covering 3.2.1 Internal energy, 3.2.2 Temperature changes in a system and specific heat capacity, and 3.2.3 Changes of state and specific latent heat. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.

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