Organic chemistry

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Question 34

Medium

This question is about some of the hydrocarbons found in crude oil.

The table below shows information about four hydrocarbons found in crude oil.

Hydrocarbon	Molecular formula	Boiling point ( $∘C^\circ\text{C}$ )
Propane	$C3H8\text{C}_3\text{H}_8$	$- 42$
Heptane	$C7H16\text{C}_7\text{H}_{16}$	$98$
Undecane	$C11H24\text{C}_{11}\text{H}_{24}$
Pentadecane	$C15H32\text{C}_{15}\text{H}_{32}$	$271$

Propane is a hydrocarbon. What is meant by a hydrocarbon?

[2]

Look at the displayed formula for propane: Displayed chemical structure of propane, consisting of a horizontal chain of three carbon atoms connected by single covalent bonds. The central carbon is bonded to one hydrogen above and one below. The two outer carbons are each bonded to one hydrogen above, one below, and one on the outer side (far-left and far-right). All eight C-H bonds are single covalent bonds shown as lines.

Propane is a saturated compound. What is meant by a saturated compound?

[1]

Use the information in the table to predict the boiling point of undecane.

[1]

Explain why a mixture of heptane, undecane, and pentadecane can be separated by fractional distillation. In your answer, use information from the table and ideas about intermolecular forces.

[3]

Undecane is one of the hydrocarbons found in diesel. Undecane burns completely in a plentiful supply of oxygen. Complete the balanced symbol equation by putting numbers on the lines: $C11H24+…O2→…CO2+…H2O\text{C}_{11}\text{H}_{24} + \dots \text{O}_2 \rightarrow \dots \text{CO}_2 + \dots \text{H}_2\text{O}$

[2]

Incomplete combustion of undecane makes carbon monoxide instead of carbon dioxide. Describe and explain one problem caused by carbon monoxide.

[2]

Organic chemistry

Question 34

Organic chemistry Questions

Organic chemistry

Question 34

Organic chemistry Questions