What are the industrial conditions typically used for the direct hydration of ethene to produce ethanol?
C2H4(g)+H2O(g)⇌C2H5OH(g)ΔH=−46 kJ mol−1 \text{C}_2\text{H}_4(\text{g}) + \text{H}_2\text{O}(\text{g}) \rightleftharpoons \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH}(\text{g}) \quad \Delta H = -46\text{ kJ mol}^{-1} C2H4(g)+H2O(g)⇌C2H5OH(g)ΔH=−46 kJ mol−1450∘C450^\circ\text{C}450∘C, 200 atm200\text{ atm}200 atm pressure, and an iron catalyst
300∘C300^\circ\text{C}300∘C, 2 atm2\text{ atm}2 atm pressure, and a vanadium(V) oxide catalyst
300∘C300^\circ\text{C}300∘C, 65 atm65\text{ atm}65 atm pressure, and a phosphoric acid catalyst
100∘C100^\circ\text{C}100∘C, 65 atm65\text{ atm}65 atm pressure, and a nickel catalyst
81 exam-style questions on OCR GCSE Chemistry Improving processes and products. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.