Water and gas exchange in plants occurs primarily through tiny pores called stomata.
Name the specialized cells that control the opening and closing of the stomata.
Water is transported through the xylem tissue, whereas dissolved sugars are transported through the phloem tissue. Describe two structural differences between xylem vessels and phloem sieve tubes.
Which of the following environmental conditions would result in the highest rate of transpiration in a plant?
- Cold with low humidity
- Cold with high humidity
- Warm with low humidity
- Warm with high humidity
Figure 1 shows the changes in the mean stomatal aperture of a plant species over a 24-hour period under two atmospheric carbon dioxide conditions: ambient CO2\text{CO}_2CO2 (400 ppm400\text{ ppm}400 ppm) and elevated CO2\text{CO}_2CO2 (800 ppm800\text{ ppm}800 ppm).
Explain how the stomatal behavior under ambient CO2\text{CO}_2CO2 conditions is an advantage to the plant.
Describe how the stomatal behavior under elevated CO2\text{CO}_2CO2 conditions differs from ambient conditions, and explain how this difference is of benefit to the plant.