What name is given to foreign proteins on the surface of pathogens that trigger an immune response?
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The human body has non-specific defences to prevent pathogens from entering or causing harm. Draw a line from each defence to the body part that provides it.
Complete the sentence by choosing the correct word from the options: benign, malignant, metastatic.
"A tumour that remains in one place, usually contained within a membrane, and does not invade neighbouring tissues is described as a ____________ tumour."
Malignant tumours are cancers. Which two statements describe malignant tumours?
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Measles is a highly infectious disease caused by a virus. In 2015, a national campaign was launched to immunise children against measles. Scientists monitored the rate of measles infections per 100,000 citizens in the years following.
Table 1 shows the data.
| Year | Confirmed measles cases (per 100,000 residents) |
|---|---|
| 2014 | 45.2 |
| 2016 | 12.8 |
| 2018 | 3.5 |
| 2020 | 0.8 |
What does Table 1 show about the rate of confirmed measles cases from 2014 to 2020?
Suggest a reason for the trend you described in Question 5.
Which type of blood cell is responsible for producing antibodies in response to vaccination?
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Suggest one reason why some parents might refuse to allow their children to receive the measles vaccine. Do not refer to the pain of the injection in your answer.