earned from the environment, specifically through operant conditioning where behaviour is shaped by its consequences B1\n- Identifies that the irritating electric pulse functions as positive punishment, as an unpleasant stimulus is added to decrease the frequency of slouching M1\n- Identifies that the cessation of the pulse functions as negative reinforcement, as the removal of the unpleasant stimulus strengthens and increases the desired behaviour of sitting up straight M1\n- Explains that through these environmental consequences, a stimulus-response association is formed, leading to a long-term reduction in slouching A1","marks":5,"order":0,"markingRubric":null,"explanation":null,"options":[]}],"options":[],"explanation":null,"firstAttemptFullMarks":null},{"id":"1d1bb81e-5f46-40d6-b2f9-d4da7adeb3d0","revisionId":"3cbe39d0-8759-4b76-923c-0332a8341c53","questionNumber":null,"questionType":"LA","specification":"","difficulty":5,"difficultyBand":"medium","totalMarks":4,"sourceTitle":null,"calculatorUse":null,"parts":[{"id":"66923121-7f0e-4faa-a929-d5ea5a76ae41","label":null,"content":"Explain how Watson and Rayner's (1920) study of Little Albert relates to the behaviorist perspective.","markscheme":"- Identifies the core behaviorist assumption that behavior and phobias are learned from environmental interactions rather than being innate B1\n- Describes the classical conditioning process in the study: pairing a neutral stimulus (white rat) with an unconditioned stimulus (loud noise) to produce a conditioned response of fear M1\n- Explains that the study demonstrates how phobias are acquired through environmental conditioning, supporting environmental determinism over psychodynamic explanations A1\n- Relates the study's focus on objective, observable behavior to the behaviorist rejection of subjective introspection C1","marks":4,"order":0,"markingRubric":null,"explanation":null,"options":[]}],"options":[],"explanation":null,"firstAttemptFullMarks":null},{"id":"3c6e8502-df6a-43cc-9f82-c26c8a6ce43f","revisionId":"e03f4610-5356-4796-b356-5b2c9d5ff790","questionNumber":null,"questionType":"LA","specification":"$42","difficulty":5,"difficultyBand":"medium","totalMarks":5,"sourceTitle":null,"calculatorUse":null,"parts":[{"id":"126a54c8-39ba-4cfa-b856-fbeb5b8f0465","label":null,"content":"Outline the behaviourist perspective in psychology and briefly explain how it applies to this article.","markscheme":"- Outlines that the behaviourist perspective focuses on objective, observable behaviour rather than unobservable internal mental processes B1\n- Outlines that behaviour is learned from the environment (nurture) through classical or operant conditioning B1\n- Applies positive punishment: the uncomfortable vibration serves as an unpleasant stimulus added to decrease the frequency of the undesired behaviour (procrastinating/browsing social media) M1\n- Applies negative reinforcement: returning to work or staying on task is strengthened because it removes or avoids the unpleasant vibration M1\n- Links application clearly to the scenario to show how users \"retrain\" their focus through stimulus-response loops A1","marks":5,"order":0,"markingRubric":null,"explanation":null,"options":[]}],"options":[],"explanation":null,"firstAttemptFullMarks":null}],"subjectCode":"a_level_psychology__ocr","summaries":[{"id":"0a2fff13-977c-4222-891f-715fa250620f","difficultyBand":"medium","calculatorUse":null,"totalMarks":4},{"id":"1476e8a1-52fb-48af-acb0-7f9ebbaab4dc","difficultyBand":"medium","calculatorUse":null,"totalMarks":5},{"id":"1d1bb81e-5f46-40d6-b2f9-d4da7adeb3d0","difficultyBand":"medium","calculatorUse":null,"totalMarks":4},{"id":"3111ab8a-bcbb-4f6c-8901-6dd29fb8da7b","difficultyBand":"easy","calculatorUse":null,"totalMarks":2},{"id":"3c6e8502-df6a-43cc-9f82-c26c8a6ce43f","difficultyBand":"medium","calculatorUse":null,"totalMarks":5},{"id":"3dc00456-

Perspectives

Question 3

Perspectives Questions

Perspectives

Question 3

Perspectives Questions