,"$L3f",null,{"backHref":"/a-level/psychology/ocr/questions","basePath":"/a-level/psychology/ocr/moral-development/questions","formulaUrl":null,"initialIndex":0,"initialQuestionWindow":[{"id":"0a82c81f-7e9f-4c97-bfe8-2a3575d870e6","revisionId":"15752cb4-1755-4ca9-89a7-417269d5e8b5","questionNumber":null,"questionType":"LA","specification":"","difficulty":5,"difficultyBand":"medium","totalMarks":4,"sourceTitle":null,"calculatorUse":null,"parts":[{"id":"d6345e73-5d41-42d6-9912-e76c299f4b54","label":null,"content":"Explain how Kohlberg's (1968) study into moral development may be considered ethnocentric.","markscheme":"- States that Kohlberg's sample consisted entirely of 75 American boys from Chicago, which represents a culturally specific (Western/individualistic) group B1\n- Explains that despite this restricted sample, Kohlberg assumed his stages of moral development were universal B1\n- Explains that the moral dilemmas and coding system are designed around Western, individualistic values (such as rights and justice) B1\n- Explains that when applied to collectivist cultures, values of communal duty and harmony are often misclassified as lower stages of moral reasoning (e.g., Stage 3) B1","marks":4,"order":0,"markingRubric":null,"explanation":null,"options":[]}],"options":[],"explanation":null,"firstAttemptFullMarks":null},{"id":"25ed915c-b4b2-4956-a0a3-ff0965084f43","revisionId":"1049e075-bc52-4b83-818c-0ae3f8117d4a","questionNumber":null,"questionType":"LA","specification":"In Kohlberg’s (1968) study of moral development, moral reasoning is categorized into distinct levels and stages. Consider a scenario where an industrial engineer leaks confidential corporate documents to expose that their employer is illegally dumping carcinogenic chemicals into a municipal water supply.","difficulty":6,"difficultyBand":"medium","totalMarks":4,"sourceTitle":null,"calculatorUse":null,"parts":[{"id":"4d7bb7b1-02de-48c6-a956-1dbbf9058351","label":null,"content":"Describe the two stages of **post-conventional** moral reasoning that an individual might use to justify the engineer's whistle-blowing actions.","markscheme":"- Identifies Stage 5 as the social contract or utility and individual rights orientation B1\n- Explains Stage 5 reasoning in this context: laws and contracts are viewed as flexible social agreements designed to protect the majority, and since the company's confidentiality rules violate the public's fundamental right to health and safety, the engineer is justified in breaking them for the greater social good A1\n- Identifies Stage 6 as the universal ethical principles orientation B1\n- Explains Stage 6 reasoning in this context: moral decisions are guided by self-chosen, abstract ethical principles (such as absolute justice, equality, and the sanctity of life) that transcend local laws, meaning the engineer has an absolute moral duty to prevent harm regardless of corporate or legal consequences A1","marks":4,"order":0,"markingRubric":null,"explanation":null,"options":[]}],"options":[],"explanation":null,"firstAttemptFullMarks":null}],"subjectCode":"a_level_psychology__ocr","summaries":[{"id":"0a82c81f-7e9f-4c97-bfe8-2a3575d870e6","difficultyBand":"medium","calculatorUse":null},{"id":"18357eb0-85c7-4f36-b1a8-97d5ee6a9573","difficultyBand":"easy","calculatorUse":null},{"id":"1dbeb911-ff2e-4ad3-89b6-4c5ae2813b3f","difficultyBand":"easy","calculatorUse":null},{"id":"209ad6c9-875a-463c-aed8-2a3d5d8f9a2d","difficultyBand":"easy","calculatorUse":null},{"id":"25ed915c-b4b2-4956-a0a3-ff0965084f43","difficultyBand":"medium","calculatorUse":null},{"id":"265e65ca-e7cf-48f2-b4cf-ab87d4edfe06","difficultyBand":"medium","calculatorUse":null},{"id":"338ce50f-57dc-407d-9e16-f5197696b28f","difficultyBand":"easy","calculatorUse":null},{"id":"3d2e767a-c4af-4c1b-aed0-03e391efe701","difficultyBand":"medium","calculatorUse":null},{"id":"741f4ff9-da3a-49a1-8f6e-ee139d1dafa0","difficultyBand":"easy","calculatorUse":null},{"id"

Moral development

Question 1

Moral development Questions

Moral development

Question 1

Moral development Questions