Dr. Vance is a neuroscientist investigating whether salivary cortisol levels are linked to subjective anxiety in emergency responders. Dr. Vance sampled eight paramedics immediately after a high-stress shift. She measured each participant's salivary cortisol concentration (in $μg/dL\mu\text{g/dL}$ ) and then asked them to complete a State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaire (scored out of 40).

Table 1

Participant	Salivary cortisol concentration ( $μg/dL\mu\text{g/dL}$ )	Anxiety score (STAI score out of 40)
A	0.12	14
B	0.45	31
C	0.28	22
D	0.61	38
E	0.18	19
F	0.35	28
G	0.52	35
H	0.22	16

State a fully operationalised directional (one-tailed) alternative hypothesis for Dr. Vance's study.

Table 1

Participant	Salivary cortisol concentration ( $μg/dL\mu\text{g/dL}$ )	Anxiety score (STAI score out of 40)
A	0.12	14
B	0.45	31
C	0.28	22
D	0.61	38
E	0.18	19
F	0.35	28
G	0.52	35
H	0.22	16

State a fully operationalised directional (one-tailed) alternative hypothesis for Dr. Vance's study.

Research methods and skills

Question 21

Markscheme

Research methods and skills

Question 21

Markscheme

Research methods and skills

Question 21

Research methods and skills Questions

Research methods and skills

Question 21

Research methods and skills Questions