two-week period. Every morning before starting work, they opened the app to see a 'Focus Index Score' showing their predicted focus level for the day. Participants were unaware that this score was manipulated by the researcher: for seven random days it predicted 'High Focus Potential' and for the other seven days it predicted 'Low Focus Potential'.\n\nAt the end of each working day, participants rated their own productivity on a scale of 1–10. Apart from using the app, participants were asked to continue with their usual working routines.","difficulty":5,"difficultyBand":"medium","totalMarks":4,"sourceTitle":null,"calculatorUse":null,"isCalculation":false,"parts":[{"id":"44717591-b583-43c7-b0ac-40eb3d7d0841","label":null,"content":"**Suggest** one extraneous variable that could have affected the results of this study. Explain why it would have been important to control this extraneous variable and how it could have been controlled in this study.","markscheme":"- Suggests an appropriate extraneous variable linked to the scenario (e.g., daily task difficulty, caffeine intake, sleep duration, or workspace noise/distractions) B1\n- Explains why it is important to control the variable (e.g., preventing it from acting as a confounding variable that directly affects self-rated productivity, which would lower the internal validity of the study) B1\n- Proposes a basic method of controlling the chosen extraneous variable in the context of this study M1\n- Explains a fully realized, realistic control method appropriate to the scenario (e.g., restricting ratings to days where standard design work is performed, or requiring a standardized daily caffeine intake protocol) A1","marks":4,"order":0,"markingRubric":null,"tableImages":[],"explanation":null,"options":[]}],"options":[],"explanation":null,"firstAttemptFullMarks":null,"walkthroughVideo":null},{"id":"83923553-6b85-4562-a0ed-e78adbe0f5c8","revisionId":"b29a124e-4c67-442e-b82e-b01055eda663","questionNumber":null,"questionType":"LA","specification":"","difficulty":4,"difficultyBand":"medium","totalMarks":3,"sourceTitle":null,"calculatorUse":null,"isCalculation":false,"parts":[{"id":"ba3c9506-e779-42e8-8d84-262411233e21","label":null,"content":"What are investigator effects? Suggest **one** way in which they could have been minimised during face-to-face interviews with corporate employees regarding their workplace procrastination habits.","markscheme":"- Defines investigator effects as any direct or indirect influence of the researcher's physical or verbal behaviour, personal characteristics, or expectations on the participants' responses or overall research outcome. B1\n- Identifies an appropriate control method (such as using a standardized script, training interviewers in neutral non-verbal communication, or employing an independent external researcher). M1\n- Explains how this method is applied specifically to the context of employee procrastination interviews to successfully reduce bias (e.g., utilizing an external researcher instead of a line manager so employees do not fear disciplinary action, or using a rigid standardized script so the interviewer's tone does not betray disapproval when high levels of procrastination are admitted). A1","marks":3,"order":0,"markingRubric":null,"tableImages":[],"explanation":null,"options":[]}],"options":[],"explanation":null,"firstAttemptFullMarks":null,"walkthroughVideo":null},{"id":"83aa1f85-b477-422b-b4e5-d6b5e2671a5a","revisionId":"fa7db2e2-8ac3-4064-8b26-47ea47282b6a","questionNumber":null,"questionType":"LA","specification":"### Study Description\n\nA sociologist wanted to investigate police officers’ opinions on the effectiveness of restorative justice programs compared to custodial sentencing. The sociologist randomly selected five police stations from a large metropolitan area. Three of the five stations agreed to cooperate. The sociologist drafted five specific questions and interviewed desk officers and neighborhood patrol

Scientific processes

Question 187

Scientific processes Questions

Scientific processes

Question 187

Scientific processes Questions