Researchers observed male fence lizards (Sceloporus undulatus) in their natural woodland territories. When a highly realistic model of an adult male competitor with bright blue throat and belly patches was introduced, the resident males immediately exhibited a fixed sequence of threat displays (rapid head-bobbing, full-body push-ups, and lateral compression of the torso). The exact same sequence of behaviors was also triggered when a simple grey cardboard card with blue paint swatches was presented. However, no aggressive threat displays were triggered by a highly detailed, realistic model of a rival lizard that was painted entirely grey (lacking the blue patches).
Describe what is meant by a fixed action pattern. Refer to the study of fence lizards above in your answer.
12 exam-style questions on AQA A Level Psychology Ethological and evolutionary explanations of aggression. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.