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Amines (A-level only)

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Question 14

Propyl ethanoate can be prepared by reacting propan-1-ol with ethanoic acid in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst:

CH3CH2CH2OH+CH3COOH⇌CH3COOCH2CH2CH3+H2O \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{OH} + \text{CH}_3\text{COOH} \rightleftharpoons \text{CH}_3\text{COOCH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{O} CH3​CH2​CH2​OH+CH3​COOH⇌CH3​COOCH2​CH2​CH3​+H2​O
a.

Since the reaction mixture is highly flammable, suggest how the mixture should be heated safely.

[1]
b.

During purification, the mixture is shaken with aqueous sodium carbonate in a separating funnel. Explain why there is a build-up of pressure in the funnel.

[2]
ci.

A student reacts 15.0 cm315.0\text{ cm}^315.0 cm3 of propan-1-ol (Mr=60.0M_r = 60.0Mr​=60.0) with 7.20 g7.20\text{ g}7.20 g of ethanoic acid (Mr=60.0M_r = 60.0Mr​=60.0) and obtains 7.96 g7.96\text{ g}7.96 g of propyl ethanoate (Mr=102.0M_r = 102.0Mr​=102.0). The density of propan-1-ol is 0.80 g cm−30.80\text{ g cm}^{-3}0.80 g cm−3.

Determine the limiting reagent.

[3]
cii.

Calculate the percentage yield of propyl ethanoate.

[2]
d.

Suggest one reason why the percentage yield is not 100%100\%100%.

[1]

Amines (A-level only) Questions

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