Butyl ethanoate can be prepared by reacting butan-1-ol with ethanoic acid in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst:
CH3CH2CH2CH2OH+CH3COOH⇌CH3COOCH2CH2CH2CH3+H2O \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{OH} + \text{CH}_3\text{COOH} \rightleftharpoons \text{CH}_3\text{COOCH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{O} CH3CH2CH2CH2OH+CH3COOH⇌CH3COOCH2CH2CH2CH3+H2OSince the reaction mixture is highly flammable, suggest how the mixture should be heated safely.
During purification, the mixture is shaken with aqueous sodium carbonate in a separating funnel. Explain why there is a build-up of pressure in the funnel.
A student reacts 15.0 cm315.0\text{ cm}^315.0 cm3 of butan-1-ol (Mr=74.0M_r = 74.0Mr=74.0) with 7.50 g7.50\text{ g}7.50 g of ethanoic acid (Mr=60.0M_r = 60.0Mr=60.0) and obtains 9.86 g9.86\text{ g}9.86 g of butyl ethanoate (Mr=116.0M_r = 116.0Mr=116.0). The density of butan-1-ol is 0.81 g cm−30.81\text{ g cm}^{-3}0.81 g cm−3.
Determine the limiting reagent.
A student reacts 15.0 cm315.0\text{ cm}^315.0 cm3 of butan-1-ol (Mr=74.0M_r = 74.0Mr=74.0) with 7.50 g7.50\text{ g}7.50 g of ethanoic acid (Mr=60.0M_r = 60.0Mr=60.0) and obtains 9.86 g9.86\text{ g}9.86 g of butyl ethanoate (Mr=116.0M_r = 116.0Mr=116.0). The density of butan-1-ol is 0.81 g cm−30.81\text{ g cm}^{-3}0.81 g cm−3.
Calculate the percentage yield of butyl ethanoate.
Suggest one reason why the percentage yield is not 100%100\%100%.
