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Ideal gas molecules

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Question 4

The physical behavior of particles differs significantly across the solid, liquid, and gas phases.

a.

Identify which of the three states of matter corresponds to each of the following microscopic descriptions:

  1. The particles are organized in a highly ordered, rigid lattice, and can only vibrate about fixed positions.
  2. The particles are closely packed but lack a fixed arrangement, allowing them to continually slide and flow past each other.
  3. The particles are separated by large distances, exert negligible forces on one another except during collisions, and move rapidly in random directions.
[3]
b.

A certain refrigerant compound, DF-4, is used in industrial cooling systems.

At its triple point, which occurs at a temperature of −145∘C-145^\circ\text{C}−145∘C, DF-4 can coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium as a solid, a liquid, and a gas.

Copy and complete the table to find the missing temperatures:

ConditionTemperature in ∘C^\circ\text{C}∘CTemperature in kelvin
Standard operating temperature...303
Triple point of DF-4-145...
[2]
c.

State what happens to the average kinetic energy of the molecules of DF-4 as the temperature is raised from its triple point to the standard operating temperature.

[1]
d.

State what happens to the volume of an individual molecule of DF-4 when the gas condenses to a liquid.

[1]

Ideal gas molecules Questions

  1. IGCSE
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  3. /Ideal gas molecules