In a pressurized heavy-water reactor (PHWR), nuclear fission reactions release energy inside a reactor vessel.
Describe the primary function of each of the following components in this reactor system: (i) The biological shielding (ii) The primary coolant fluid
During a single fission event, the parent nucleus splits into two lighter daughter nuclei. Identify the primary form of energy carried by these daughter nuclei immediately after the split.
The neutrons released during fission typically have an average energy of several mega-electronvolts (MeV). Explain why a moderator is necessary to sustain a self-supporting chain reaction in the reactor.
To keep the reactor operating at a steady power output, the effective neutron multiplication factor must be kept at exactly 1.0. Explain how the physical adjustment of control rods achieves this steady-state operation. Your answer should make explicit reference to the behavior of neutrons.
