Based on a nuclear power station where nuclear fission releases thermal energy to produce steam, which drives a turbine connected to an electrical generator:
(i) Name the component of the power station where the thermal (heat) energy of the steam is converted into kinetic energy. (ii) Name the component where kinetic energy is converted into electrical energy.
A step-up transformer is used to increase the voltage from 22 kV22\text{ kV}22 kV to 110 kV110\text{ kV}110 kV before transmission. (i) State the equation linking power, current, and voltage. (ii) Compare the input current and the output current of the transformer. Assume there are no energy losses in the transformer. (iii) State one advantage of transmitting electricity at high voltages.
Nuclear power stations produce radioactive waste. Describe three key difficulties or problems associated with the disposal of this waste.
