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through the grid and supplied to homes, businesses and industry."},{"text":"Thermal energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"Thermal energy is often an intermediate or wasted output in power stations, but the useful final output is electrical energy for users."},{"text":"Chemical energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"Chemical energy may be the original energy store in fuels, but generation ultimately produces electrical energy as its useful final output."},{"text":"Kinetic energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"Kinetic energy can drive a turbine, but it is converted by the generator into electrical energy as the useful final output."}]},{"id":"7efa9bf7-4b05-4a67-97a2-08515ba597a1","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What does a generator do in many power stations?","back":"It transfers kinetic energy of the turbine into electrical energy.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It transfers kinetic energy of the turbine into electrical energy.","correct":true,"explanation":"A generator uses electromagnetic induction to transfer the turbine’s kinetic energy into electrical energy, which can then be transmitted for use."},{"text":"It transfers electrical energy into kinetic energy of the turbine.","correct":false,"explanation":"The generator does not transfer electrical energy into turbine motion; it reverses this direction, converting the turbine’s kinetic energy into electrical energy."},{"text":"It transfers kinetic energy of the turbine into chemical energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"A generator does not convert the turbine’s kinetic energy into chemical energy. Its role is to produce electrical energy by electromagnetic induction."},{"text":"It transfers kinetic energy of the turbine into thermal energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"The turbine’s kinetic energy is not changed directly into thermal energy by the generator; the generator’s useful conversion is into electrical energy."}]},{"id":"2cc1f237-7085-4486-919c-4c0bc4173e54","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"A turbine spins when pushed by a moving [ ]; a fluid is a [ ].","back":"A turbine spins when pushed by a moving fluid; a fluid is a liquid or gas.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"A turbine spins when pushed by a moving fluid; a fluid is a liquid or gas.","correct":true,"explanation":"A turbine spins when a moving fluid pushes its blades. A fluid is a substance that can flow, specifically a liquid or a gas."},{"text":"A turbine spins when pushed by a moving solid; a fluid is a liquid or gas.","correct":false,"explanation":"A solid is not generally classified as a fluid because it does not flow and take the shape of its container. Fluids are liquids or gases."},{"text":"A turbine spins when pushed by a moving fluid; a fluid is a liquid only.","correct":false,"explanation":"A fluid is not restricted to a liquid: gases are fluids too because they flow. The moving substance can therefore be a liquid or gas."},{"text":"A turbine spins when pushed by a moving air; a fluid is a liquid or gas.","correct":false,"explanation":"Although air is a gas and can push turbine blades, fluids include both gases and liquids. The complete definition is a liquid or gas."}]},{"id":"4cd19db4-ae7b-417b-a5cf-fedf6d1b1ed7","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"A renewable resource is replenished naturally on a [ ]; a non-renewable resource is [ ].","back":"A renewable resource is replenished naturally on a human timescale; a non-renewable resource is used up faster than it is replaced.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"A renewable resource is replenished naturally on a human timescale; a non-renewable resource is used up faster than it is replaced.","correct":true,"explanation":"Renewable resources are replenished naturally on a human timescale. Non-renewable resources are used up faster than natural processes can replace them."},{"text":"A renewable resource is replenished naturally on a geological timescale; a non-renewable resource is used up faster than it is replaced.","correct":false,"explanation":"Replacement on a geological timescale is characteristic of non-renewable resources, not renewable ones. Renewable resources are replenished naturally on a human timescale."},{"text":"A renewable resource is replenished naturally on a human timescale; a non-renewable resource is never used up.","correct":false,"explanation":"A resource lasting indefinitely does not define non-renewability. Non-renewable resources are used up faster than they are replaced, while renewable resources replenish on a human timescale."},{"text":"A renewable resource is replenished naturally on a human timescale; a non-renewable resource is replaced faster than it is used.","correct":false,"explanation":"Renewable resources are not necessarily replaced only after being exhausted. The key distinction is natural replenishment on a human timescale and faster use than replacement for non-renewables."}]},{"id":"fe0fa4bc-2d68-4a61-844e-c4d59e89367a","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Wind, water, geothermal and solar are [ ] resources; fossil fuels and uranium are [ ].","back":"Wind, water, geothermal and solar are renewable resources; fossil fuels and uranium are non-renewable.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Wind, water, geothermal and solar are renewable resources; fossil fuels and uranium are non-renewable.","correct":true,"explanation":"Wind, water, geothermal and solar energy are naturally replenished, whereas fossil fuels and uranium exist in finite reserves that are depleted when used."},{"text":"Wind, water, geothermal and solar are renewable resources; fossil fuels and uranium are renewable.","correct":false,"explanation":"Fossil fuels and uranium are not replenished on a human timescale, so they are non-renewable. Wind, water, geothermal and solar resources are naturally replenished and are renewable."},{"text":"Wind, water, geothermal and solar are non-renewable resources; fossil fuels and uranium are non-renewable.","correct":false,"explanation":"This wrongly treats all energy resources as finite. Wind, water, geothermal and solar resources are naturally replenished, while fossil fuels and uranium are finite and non-renewable."},{"text":"Wind, water, geothermal and solar are non-renewable resources; fossil fuels and uranium are renewable.","correct":false,"explanation":"The classifications have been reversed. Wind, water, geothermal and solar resources are renewable because they are replenished, while fossil fuels and uranium are finite non-renewable resources."}]},{"id":"15029c11-1770-4b11-abbf-c2f10e70c5b3","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why are wind and solar energy intermittent?","back":"Their output changes with conditions such as wind, cloud or night.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Their output changes with conditions such as wind, cloud or night.","correct":true,"explanation":"Wind and solar power depend on changing natural conditions. Wind speed, cloud cover and daylight vary, so their electrical output changes over time."},{"text":"Their output remains constant despite conditions such as wind, cloud or night.","correct":false,"explanation":"Wind and solar systems do not always produce a constant output; changing wind, cloud and daylight make their output intermittent."},{"text":"Their output changes only with the generator design.","correct":false,"explanation":"Their output is not determined only by the generator design. Natural conditions such as wind speed, cloud cover and daylight cause it to change."},{"text":"Their output changes only with electricity demand.","correct":false,"explanation":"Wind and solar output can change even when demand is unchanged because weather and daylight vary independently of electricity use."}]},{"id":"9896bc30-c42a-4e6c-bf69-349f3abefb0c","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, trap [ ] in the atmosphere and contribute to [ ].","back":"Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, trap thermal radiation in the atmosphere and contribute to climate change.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, trap thermal radiation in the atmosphere and contribute to climate change.","correct":true,"explanation":"Greenhouse gases absorb and re-emit thermal radiation, reducing heat loss from Earth and contributing to climate change."},{"text":"Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, trap visible light in the atmosphere and contribute to climate change.","correct":false,"explanation":"Greenhouse gases do not mainly trap visible light. They absorb outgoing thermal radiation, and this enhanced greenhouse effect contributes to climate change."},{"text":"Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, trap thermal radiation in the atmosphere and contribute to climate stability.","correct":false,"explanation":"The gases do not cause climate stability by trapping thermal radiation. Increased trapping of outgoing thermal radiation contributes to climate change."},{"text":"Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, trap ultraviolet radiation in the atmosphere and contribute to ozone depletion.","correct":false,"explanation":"Greenhouse gases are associated with climate change, not ozone depletion in this mechanism. They trap outgoing thermal radiation in the atmosphere."}]},{"id":"743e7357-4eaa-4057-8a4e-61ffb761e5fd","cardType":"basic","points":3,"front":"How is a solar cell different from a solar heating system?","back":"

Solar cell transfers sunlight directly to electrical energy.
Solar heating heats water or another fluid first.

","mcqOptions":[{"text":"

Solar cell transfers sunlight directly to electrical energy.
Solar heating heats water or another fluid first.

","correct":true,"explanation":"A solar cell uses the photovoltaic effect to transfer sunlight directly into electrical energy. Solar heating instead uses sunlight to heat water or another fluid first."},{"text":"

Solar cell heats water or another fluid first.
Solar heating transfers sunlight directly to electrical energy.

","correct":false,"explanation":"Solar cells do not need to heat a fluid before producing electricity; they convert sunlight directly into electrical energy. Heating a fluid describes solar heating."},{"text":"

Solar cell transfers sunlight to thermal energy first.
Solar heating heats water or another fluid first.

","correct":false,"explanation":"A solar cell does not convert sunlight first into thermal energy for a fluid. Its direct output is electrical energy, whereas solar heating warms a fluid."},{"text":"

Solar cell transfers sunlight directly to electrical energy.
Solar heating transfers sunlight directly to electrical energy.

","correct":false,"explanation":"Solar heating is not a direct electrical-generation process. It heats water or another fluid, while a solar cell directly converts sunlight into electrical energy."}]},{"id":"d68be44a-500a-4e7d-a363-477f46de107a","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Give the energy-transfer chain for wind power.","back":"Kinetic energy of moving air → kinetic energy of turbine → electrical energy.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Kinetic energy of moving air → kinetic energy of turbine → electrical energy.","correct":true,"explanation":"Moving air transfers its kinetic energy to the turbine, which then transfers kinetic energy to the generator to produce electrical energy."},{"text":"GPE of stored water → kinetic energy of turbine → electrical energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"This uses the hydroelectric chain and omits moving air. Wind power begins with the kinetic energy of moving air, then the turbine and generator produce electrical energy."},{"text":"Chemical energy in fuel → thermal energy of steam → electrical energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"This is a fossil fuel chain with the turbine stage missing. Wind power transfers kinetic energy from moving air to the turbine before generating electrical energy."},{"text":"Thermal energy from hot rocks → kinetic energy of turbine → electrical energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"This confuses wind power with geothermal power and also skips the moving steam stage. Wind generation starts with kinetic energy in moving air."}]},{"id":"1b2a84f6-752c-49f7-b382-2c71c95d4022","cardType":"basic","points":3,"front":"Give the energy-transfer chain for hydroelectric power.","back":"GPE of stored water → kinetic energy of moving water → kinetic energy of turbine → electrical energy.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"GPE of stored water → kinetic energy of moving water → kinetic energy of turbine → electrical energy.","correct":true,"explanation":"Water stored at height has gravitational potential energy. As it falls, this becomes kinetic energy, which turns the turbine and is converted into electrical energy."},{"text":"Kinetic energy of moving water → GPE of stored water → kinetic energy of turbine → electrical energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"The first two stages are reversed. Stored water starts with gravitational potential energy, which changes into kinetic energy as the water moves downhill."},{"text":"Chemical energy in fuel → thermal energy of steam → kinetic energy of turbine → electrical energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"This is the chain for a fossil fuel station, not hydroelectric power. Hydroelectricity uses the gravitational potential energy of stored water."},{"text":"GPE of stored water → thermal energy of moving water → kinetic energy of turbine → electrical energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"Moving water has kinetic energy, not thermal energy in this transfer chain. The correct sequence changes gravitational potential energy into kinetic energy."}]},{"id":"2d08c908-5866-405f-b16d-58abfbf29b35","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why is tidal power more predictable than wind power?","back":"Tides follow regular patterns.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Tides follow regular patterns.","correct":true,"explanation":"The gravitational effects of the Moon and Sun produce tides with regular, predictable patterns, whereas wind speed and direction are much more variable."},{"text":"Winds follow regular patterns.","correct":false,"explanation":"Wind patterns can change unpredictably with weather conditions. Tides are more predictable because they follow regular patterns caused mainly by the Moon’s gravitational effect."},{"text":"Waves follow regular patterns.","correct":false,"explanation":"Wave conditions depend on changing winds and are not the reason tidal power is predictable. Tides themselves follow regular patterns."},{"text":"Rainfall follows regular patterns.","correct":false,"explanation":"Rainfall varies with weather and does not control the predictability of tidal power. Tidal movements follow regular patterns, unlike wind conditions."}]},{"id":"93502e46-bc06-479b-9886-610bfd55aa42","cardType":"basic","points":3,"front":"Give the energy-transfer chain for geothermal electricity generation.","back":"Thermal energy from hot rocks → thermal energy of steam → kinetic energy of turbine → electrical energy.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Thermal energy from hot rocks → thermal energy of steam → kinetic energy of turbine → electrical energy.","correct":true,"explanation":"Heat from hot rocks transfers thermal energy to water, producing steam. The moving steam turns the turbine, which drives a generator to produce electrical energy."},{"text":"Chemical energy in fuel → thermal energy of steam → kinetic energy of turbine → electrical energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"This is the fossil fuel chain, where burning fuel provides the heat. Geothermal generation begins with thermal energy from hot rocks."},{"text":"Thermal energy from hot rocks → kinetic energy of steam → kinetic energy of turbine → electrical energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"The steam is heated before it moves, so the intermediate transfer is thermal energy of steam. Its kinetic energy then turns the turbine."},{"text":"Thermal energy from hot rocks → electrical energy → kinetic energy of turbine → thermal energy of steam.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses the order of generation and places electrical energy before the turbine. Heat produces steam, steam turns the turbine, and then electricity is generated."}]},{"id":"a4b4654b-da5b-4879-b9fb-30ac01d4fbc8","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What site condition limits geothermal power?","back":"It needs suitable hot rocks close enough to the surface.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It needs suitable hot rocks close enough to the surface.","correct":true,"explanation":"Geothermal power is limited to locations where suitable hot rocks are near enough to the surface for heat to be accessed economically."},{"text":"It needs suitable cold rocks close enough to the surface.","correct":false,"explanation":"Cold rocks cannot provide the necessary geothermal heat. The site must contain suitable hot rocks close enough to the surface."},{"text":"It needs suitable hot rocks deep below the surface.","correct":false,"explanation":"Very deep hot rocks are difficult and expensive to reach. Geothermal stations need suitable hot rocks close enough to the surface."},{"text":"It needs large amounts of fuel close enough to the surface.","correct":false,"explanation":"Geothermal stations do not burn fuel for their primary energy source. They require suitable hot rocks close enough to the surface."}]},{"id":"902eb8a6-a828-45b1-80b1-d6774ba70b7f","cardType":"basic","points":3,"front":"Give the energy-transfer chain for a fossil fuel power station.","back":"Chemical energy in fuel → thermal energy of steam → kinetic energy of turbine → electrical energy.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Chemical energy in fuel → thermal energy of steam → kinetic energy of turbine → electrical energy.","correct":true,"explanation":"Fuel is burned to release chemical energy as heat, producing steam. The steam turns the turbine, which drives a generator to produce electrical energy."},{"text":"Chemical energy in fuel → kinetic energy of turbine → thermal energy of steam → electrical energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"The steam must be produced before it can turn the turbine, so these middle stages are reversed. Burning fuel first provides thermal energy."},{"text":"GPE of stored water → kinetic energy of moving water → kinetic energy of turbine → electrical energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"This describes hydroelectric generation, where stored water provides the initial energy. Fossil fuel stations begin with chemical energy in the fuel."},{"text":"Chemical energy in fuel → thermal energy of steam → electrical energy → kinetic energy of turbine.","correct":false,"explanation":"Electricity is generated after the turbine turns, not before it. The correct chain includes kinetic energy of the turbine immediately before electrical energy."}]},{"id":"f38b2ad8-2d64-4e97-bba6-272e09b46ee7","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What main environmental drawback do fossil fuel stations have during generation?","back":"They release carbon dioxide and other pollutants.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"They release carbon dioxide and other pollutants.","correct":true,"explanation":"Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, along with pollutants such as sulfur dioxide and particulates that can harm health and the environment."},{"text":"They release oxygen and other pollutants.","correct":false,"explanation":"Burning fossil fuels uses oxygen rather than releasing it as the main environmental drawback. The key emissions are carbon dioxide and other pollutants."},{"text":"They absorb carbon dioxide and other pollutants.","correct":false,"explanation":"Fossil fuel stations do not remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Combustion releases carbon dioxide and other pollutants during generation."},{"text":"They release water vapour and other pollutants.","correct":false,"explanation":"Water vapour may be visible from cooling systems, but the main environmental drawback is the release of carbon dioxide and other pollutants from burning fuel."}]},{"id":"eef9d5aa-8aa9-4588-96aa-b5557624e75b","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"In nuclear power, [ ] splits large unstable nuclei, [ ].","back":"In nuclear power, nuclear fission splits large unstable nuclei, releasing energy.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"In nuclear power, nuclear fission splits large unstable nuclei, releasing energy.","correct":true,"explanation":"Nuclear fission is the splitting of a large unstable nucleus. This process releases energy, which is used to heat water and generate electricity."},{"text":"In nuclear power, nuclear fusion splits large unstable nuclei, releasing energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"Fusion joins small nuclei rather than splitting large unstable nuclei. Splitting large nuclei in a reactor is nuclear fission, which releases energy."},{"text":"In nuclear power, nuclear fission splits large unstable nuclei, absorbing energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"The common misconception is reversing the energy change. Nuclear fission of large unstable nuclei releases energy rather than absorbing it."},{"text":"In nuclear power, radioactive decay splits large unstable nuclei, releasing energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"Radioactive decay can release energy, but the controlled splitting of large unstable nuclei in a nuclear reactor is specifically called nuclear fission."}]},{"id":"d52586c5-0ed4-48c7-b3fd-c0a986e185dd","cardType":"basic","points":3,"front":"Give the energy-transfer chain for nuclear power.","back":"Nuclear energy in fuel → thermal energy of steam → kinetic energy of turbine → electrical energy.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Nuclear energy in fuel → thermal energy of steam → kinetic energy of turbine → electrical energy.","correct":true,"explanation":"Nuclear fission releases nuclear energy as heat, producing steam. The moving steam turns a turbine, whose kinetic energy is converted by a generator into electrical energy."},{"text":"Nuclear energy in fuel → kinetic energy of steam → thermal energy of turbine → electrical energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses the steam and turbine energy stores. Fission heats the steam first, and the moving steam then gives the turbine kinetic energy before electricity is generated."},{"text":"Chemical energy in fuel → thermal energy of steam → kinetic energy of turbine → electrical energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"Treating nuclear fuel like a combustible fossil fuel confuses nuclear and chemical energy. Fission releases nuclear energy, which becomes thermal, kinetic and finally electrical energy."},{"text":"Nuclear energy in fuel → thermal energy of steam → electrical energy of turbine → kinetic energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"The turbine has kinetic energy rather than electrical energy. A generator converts the turbine’s kinetic energy into electrical energy, so electrical energy is the final stage."}]},{"id":"6c458848-2b24-47bc-a2b5-3ec6b10ef51e","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why is radioactive waste a problem for nuclear power?","back":"It gives out ionising radiation and needs long-term safe storage.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It gives out ionising radiation and needs long-term safe storage.","correct":true,"explanation":"Radioactive waste can damage living cells by emitting ionising radiation. Some waste remains hazardous for many years, so it requires secure, carefully monitored long-term storage."},{"text":"It gives out infrared radiation and needs short-term open storage.","correct":false,"explanation":"Infrared is non-ionising and does not describe the main hazard. Radioactive waste emits ionising radiation and may remain dangerous, requiring secure long-term rather than open storage."},{"text":"It releases carbon dioxide and needs continuous fuel combustion.","correct":false,"explanation":"This confuses radioactive waste with emissions from burning fossil fuels. Its main danger is ionising radiation, which creates a need for safe long-term storage."},{"text":"It gives out sound waves and needs refrigerated transport.","correct":false,"explanation":"Sound is not the dangerous emission from nuclear waste, and refrigeration does not remove its hazard. Ionising radiation requires shielding and secure long-term storage."}]},{"id":"b450de6f-4599-4e23-afb5-b71ec0ea9fcd","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Large-scale electricity production supplies many homes, businesses or industry, usually through the [ ].","back":"Large-scale electricity production supplies many homes, businesses or industry, usually through the National Grid.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"National Grid","correct":true,"explanation":"The National Grid is the nationwide system of cables, transformers and substations that transfers electricity from large power stations to consumers across the country."},{"text":"National Gas Grid","correct":false,"explanation":"The National Gas Grid transports gas rather than electricity. Large-scale electrical generation normally supplies consumers through the National Grid and its connected distribution systems."},{"text":"Water Distribution Network","correct":false,"explanation":"A water distribution network carries treated water, not electrical energy. Electricity produced on a large scale is transmitted around the country through the National Grid."},{"text":"Telephone Network","correct":false,"explanation":"A telephone network carries communications rather than bulk electrical power. Large-scale electricity production supplies homes, businesses and industry through the National Grid."}]},{"id":"3c9f3249-16b0-45b6-b13f-3df66f548f1b","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why are nuclear and some fossil fuel stations suitable for base-load supply?","back":"They can produce electricity steadily for long periods.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"They can produce electricity steadily for long periods.","correct":true,"explanation":"Base-load demand must be met continuously. Nuclear and suitable fossil fuel stations can operate at a stable output for extended periods without depending directly on changing weather."},{"text":"They can produce electricity only when demand suddenly peaks.","correct":false,"explanation":"This confuses base-load stations with peak-load stations. Nuclear and some fossil fuel stations are suitable because they can generate steadily for long periods, not only during demand peaks."},{"text":"They can store electricity without any energy losses.","correct":false,"explanation":"Power stations generate electricity rather than storing it without loss. Their base-load suitability comes from maintaining a steady electrical output over long periods."},{"text":"They depend on rapidly changing weather conditions.","correct":false,"explanation":"Weather dependence is a limitation of resources such as wind and solar. Nuclear and some fossil fuel stations provide base load because their output can remain steady."}]},{"id":"87cf9278-2a19-4a82-9324-d129d8efe2b0","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why are wind and solar less suitable for base-load supply on their own?","back":"Their output depends on the weather.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Their output depends on the weather.","correct":true,"explanation":"Wind speed and sunlight vary with weather conditions, so generation can fall unpredictably. Without storage or backup generation, these resources cannot independently guarantee continuous base-load output."},{"text":"Their output depends on the continuous burning of fuel.","correct":false,"explanation":"Wind turbines and solar panels do not burn fuel continuously. Their difficulty in supplying base load alone comes from variable weather causing their output to fluctuate."},{"text":"Their output depends on the amount of radioactive material.","correct":false,"explanation":"Radioactive material supplies nuclear stations, not wind turbines or solar panels. Wind and solar output instead varies with weather conditions such as wind speed and sunlight."},{"text":"Their output depends on the price of imported natural gas.","correct":false,"explanation":"Natural gas prices affect gas-fired generation, not the immediate output of wind and solar installations. Their electrical output depends directly on changing weather conditions."}]},{"id":"b28be155-7c26-4d77-a2c8-fcd55db73722","cardType":"basic","points":3,"front":"What factors decide the best large-scale electricity resource for a location?","back":"

Site suitability and local conditions.
Required output and reliability.
Cost and environmental priorities.

","mcqOptions":[{"text":"

Site suitability and local conditions.
Required output and reliability.
Cost and environmental priorities.

","correct":true,"explanation":"Resource choice requires balancing whether the site can support the technology, whether output will be sufficient and reliable, and whether financial and environmental consequences are acceptable."},{"text":"

Weather conditions for every resource.
Identical output at all locations.
Cost alone without environmental priorities.

","correct":false,"explanation":"Weather matters particularly for renewables, but it is not the only site consideration, and locations cannot guarantee identical output. Suitability, reliability, cost and environmental priorities must all be assessed."},{"text":"

Cheapest fuel regardless of local conditions.
Maximum output regardless of reliability.
Construction cost with no environmental assessment.

","correct":false,"explanation":"Choosing only the cheapest fuel or highest theoretical output ignores site constraints, reliability and environmental effects. The best resource balances local suitability, required output, cost and environmental priorities."},{"text":"

Distance from homes as the only condition.
Peak output rather than reliability.
Appearance and public advertising.

","correct":false,"explanation":"Distance from homes can influence planning, but it is not the sole site factor, while advertising is irrelevant. Decisions must consider suitability, reliable output, costs and environmental priorities."}]}]}],"examCountdown":{"examDate":"2027-05-25","paperLabel":"Paper 1"},"heading":"Energy resources and electricity generation","title":"Energy resources and electricity generation Flashcards","topbar":{"backHref":"/igcse/physics/edexcel/flashcards"},"topicSidebar":"$L37"}]}],"topicId":"eedd0a32-553f-5980-822d-5c605914847a","walled":"$L38"}],"$L39","$L3a"]