Four identical metal cans are filled with equal volumes of cold water. Each can is placed at the same distance from an intense infrared heater. The outer surfaces of the cans are finished with different combinations of texture and colour. Which can will absorb thermal radiation at the fastest rate?
the can with a shiny silver surface
the can with a matt white surface
the can with a shiny black surface
the can with a matt black surface
301 exam-style questions on CIE IGCSE Physics 2.3 Transfer of thermal energy, covering 2.3.1a Thermal conductors and thermal insulators, 2.3.1b Explaining thermal conduction, 2.3.2 Convection, 2.3.3a Thermal radiation, 2.3.3b Surface colour and texture, 2.3.3c Rate of emission and absorption of radiation, and 2.3.4 Consequences of thermal energy transfer. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.