Three solid copper spheres, P, Q, and R, are heated to the same temperature.
| Sphere | Diameter | Surface finish |
|---|---|---|
| P | DDD | shiny silver |
| Q | 3D3D3D | shiny silver |
| R | 3D3D3D | matte black |
Which of the following correctly shows the order of the spheres from the highest rate of emission of thermal radiation to the lowest rate of emission?
R, Q, P
R, P, Q
Q, R, P
P, Q, R
301 exam-style questions on CIE IGCSE Physics 2.3 Transfer of thermal energy, covering 2.3.1a Thermal conductors and thermal insulators, 2.3.1b Explaining thermal conduction, 2.3.2 Convection, 2.3.3a Thermal radiation, 2.3.3b Surface colour and texture, 2.3.3c Rate of emission and absorption of radiation, and 2.3.4 Consequences of thermal energy transfer. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.