A liquid-in-glass thermometer contains a liquid in a bulb connected to a narrow capillary tube.
State the physical property of the liquid that varies with temperature to indicate the scale on this type of thermometer.
Thermometer Y has a capillary tube with a smaller internal diameter (narrower bore) than Thermometer X, but is otherwise identical. State and explain how the sensitivity of Thermometer Y compares with the sensitivity of Thermometer X.
State and explain one modification that can be made to the design of Thermometer X to increase its measurement range.
Liquid-in-glass thermometers have a limited temperature range and cannot be used to measure extremely high temperatures, such as 1400∘C1400^\circ\text{C}1400∘C.
State a physical property which varies with temperature in a thermometer that is suitable for measuring a temperature of 1400∘C1400^\circ\text{C}1400∘C.
528 exam-style questions on CIE IGCSE Physics 2.2 Thermal properties and temperature, covering 2.2.1 Thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases, 2.2.2a Internal energy and temperature, 2.2.2b Specific heat capacity, 2.2.3a Melting, boiling, condensation and solidification, 2.2.3b Evaporation, and 2.2.3c Cooling by evaporation. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.