State and explain two design features of a liquid-in-glass thermometer that are necessary to increase its sensitivity.
statement 1: _____________________________________________
explanation: _____________________________________________
statement 2: _____________________________________________
explanation: _____________________________________________
A rapid response to temperature change is essential for a thermometer used in dynamic environments. Explain why the heat capacity of the measuring junction of a thermocouple must be small to achieve this.
The measuring junction of a particular thermocouple has a heat capacity of 0.075 J/∘C0.075\text{ J}/^\circ\text{C}0.075 J/∘C.
Calculate the thermal energy required to increase the temperature of this junction from 18.0∘C18.0^\circ\text{C}18.0∘C to 258.0∘C258.0^\circ\text{C}258.0∘C.
energy = ______________
528 exam-style questions on CIE IGCSE Physics 2.2 Thermal properties and temperature, covering 2.2.1 Thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases, 2.2.2a Internal energy and temperature, 2.2.2b Specific heat capacity, 2.2.3a Melting, boiling, condensation and solidification, 2.2.3b Evaporation, and 2.2.3c Cooling by evaporation. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.