In cold weather, birds fluff up their feathers to help themselves stay warm.
How does fluffing up feathers help a bird to stay warm?
Air can circulate easily between the feathers and warm up the skin by convection.
Air trapped between the feathers reduces heat losses from the skin by convection.
The feathers conduct heat to the skin from the cold air outside.
The feathers are good conductors of heat, so they conduct heat away more slowly.
62 exam-style questions on CIE IGCSE Physics 2.3.4 Consequences of thermal energy transfer. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.