Crude oil is a complex mixture of organic compounds that serves as a vital source of energy and chemical raw materials.
Almost all of the compounds in crude oil are hydrocarbons. Name the two chemical elements that constitute a hydrocarbon.
Crude oil is processed in an industrial refinery using fractional distillation.
State what is meant by the chemical term fraction in this context.
Describe the industrial process of fractional distillation used to separate crude oil into different fractions.
The list below shows four different fractions obtained from crude oil:
refinery gaseskerosenedieselbitumen \text{refinery gases} \quad \text{kerosene} \quad \text{diesel} \quad \text{bitumen} refinery gaseskerosenedieselbitumenWhich of these fractions has the lowest boiling point?
Which of these fractions is the most viscous?
When fuels like kerosene are burned under conditions of insufficient oxygen, incomplete combustion occurs.
Name the dangerous gas produced during this incomplete combustion.
Explain why this gas is hazardous to human health.
