A student is given a mixture of two solid ionic compounds, X and Y. Each solid contains one cation and one anion.
Compound X is insoluble in water. Compound Y is soluble in water.
Describe how the student could separate the mixture to obtain solid X and a solution of Y.
The table shows the results of two tests the student does on a solution of Y.
| Test | Observation |
|---|---|
| Test 1: Add sodium hydroxide solution and warm | Bubbles of gas that turn damp red litmus paper blue |
| Test 2: Add dilute nitric acid followed by silver nitrate solution | A cream precipitate forms |
(i) Use the information in the table to identify the cation and the anion present in compound Y.
Cation:
Anion:
(ii) Identify the gas given off in Test 1.
The student adds dilute hydrochloric acid to solid X. A gas that turns limewater milky is given off.
(i) Explain which anion is present in solid X.
(ii) Give a test to show that solid X contains calcium ions.
Test:
Result:
