What isotopes are
What isotopes are
An element is defined by its proton number, also called the atomic number ZZZ. The nucleon number AAA is the total number of protons and neutrons, so neutrons =A−Z= A - Z=A−Z.
What isotopes are
What isotopes are
An element is defined by its proton number, also called the atomic number ZZZ. The nucleon number AAA is the total number of protons and neutrons, so neutrons =A−Z= A - Z=A−Z.
Step-by-step lessons covering CIE IGCSE Chemistry Isotopes for Core and Extended tier. Each lesson works through exam-style questions in Paper 1 and Paper 3 (Core) or Paper 2 and Paper 4 (Extended), plus Paper 5 or Paper 6 format. Build a solid grasp of atomic structure, bonding and the mole concept early, since these underpin almost every other topic, then move on to the more calculation-heavy quantitative and organic chemistry content.