Cycles within ecosystems

The diagram shows the nitrogen cycle within an ecosystem, with several processes labelled $P$ , $Q$ , $R$ , $S$ , and $T$ .

The nitrogen cycle diagram showing reservoirs of nitrogen and processes connecting them.

Name the process labelled $Q$ .

[1]

Give the letter of the process that converts nitrogen gas from the atmosphere into nitrogen compounds in the soil.

[1]

Runoff and human activities can significantly impact nutrient concentrations in aquatic environments, such as slow-flowing rivers and lakes.

State two distinct human activities that can increase the concentration of nitrate ions in these aquatic ecosystems.

[2]

Describe the biological consequences of an increase in nitrate concentration for the community of organisms living in these ecosystems.

[5]

Cycles within ecosystems Questions