A researcher conditions rabbits to associate a sound of frequency 1000 Hz (the conditioned stimulus) with the presentation of food. After training, the rabbits salivate when they hear the 1000 Hz tone, even in the absence of food. The researcher then tests the rabbits' response to four other sound frequencies: Tone A (600 Hz), Tone B (900 Hz), Tone C (1100 Hz), and Tone D (1400 Hz).
Explain how a simple reflex response, such as salivation, differs from a voluntary response, such as hopping towards a food bowl.
Identify the sense organ and the specific type of receptor cell the rabbits use to detect the sound stimulus.
The researcher observes that Tone B and Tone C produce a significantly greater salivation response in the rabbits than Tone A and Tone D. Suggest a reason for this observation.
Suggest two ways the researcher could measure the quantity of the saliva produced.
